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Intersexuality is a trait that can be expressed due to a number of reasons both genetic and environmental. There are hermaphrodites that are strictly genetic which means these plants have inherited a gene from one (or both) of their parents that triggers the hermaphrodite condition even in a more than optimal growing environment. Negative selection against these plants is practiced by breeders and growers (me) in order to weed out the hermaphrodite trait from the breeding population. Also, for example, Intersexuality can also be induced by the cannabis's grower as a result of an inconsistant grow environment. For example, an inconsistent photo-period (light cycle), nutrient toxicities and deficiencies, PH problems, or drastically fluctuating temperatures during budding. These induced stressed conditions causes changes in the levels of a plant hormone called ethylene. Ethylene is one of only a few known plant hormones and plays many developmental roles across a range of species. In cannabis one of ethylene's major roles is the way it is involved in the determination of sex. Ethylene regulates which flowers should be produced stamen or pistil. This is known because applying high enough concentrations of ethylene to staminate individuals in the budding cycle results in pistils forming. Applying ethylene inhibiting agents to pistillate individuals as they enter budding results in stamens to form in the place of pistils. This practice can be used by breeders (me) to create feminized seeds. All female seeds are produced by gathering pollen from one female and pollinating it to another female. Cannabis has ten pairs of chromosomes. The tenth pair of chromosomes is that which represents sex. In females the tenth pair of chromosomes is XX. In males the tenth pair of chromosomes is XY. Hermaphrodite's pollen is XX when you turn a male into a female using ethylene so you can take the hermaphrodite's XX pollen and pollinate it to a female whos tenth pair of chromosomes which is XX and you have XX/XX instead of the usual male female cross XX/XY. The major problem with this practice is that these plants will have the same hermaphroditic tendencies.
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